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|birth_place = Damascus, Syria |death_date = |death_place = |party = Syrian Ba'ath Party |otherparty = National Progressive Front |spouse = Asma al-Assad |children = Hafez Zein Karim |alma_mater = Damascus University |religion = Shia Islam (Alawite) |website = (Official website ) |allegiance = |branch = Syrian Armed Forces |serviceyears = 1988–present |rank = 15px Marshal |unit = Republican Guard |commands = Syrian Armed Forces |battles = Syrian Civil War }} Bashar Hafez al-Assad ((アラビア語: بشار حافظ الأسد) ', Levantine pronunciation: (:baʃˈʃaːr ˈħaːfezˤ elˈʔasad); born 11 September 1965) is the President of Syria, commander-in-chief of the Syrian Armed Forces, General Secretary of the ruling Ba'ath Party and Regional Secretary of the party's branch in Syria. In 2000 he succeeded Hafez al-Assad, his father, who had led Syria for 30 years until his death. He was confirmed by the Syrian electorate twice in 2000 and 2007 in referenda that did not include any opposing candidate. Assad graduated from the medical school of Damascus University in 1988, and started to work as a doctor in the army. Four years later, he attended postgraduate studies at the Western Eye Hospital, in London, specializing in ophthalmology. In 1994, after his elder brother Bassel was killed in a car crash, Bashar was recalled to Syria to take over Bassel's role as heir apparent. He entered the military academy, taking charge of the Syrian occupation of Lebanon in 1998. In December 2000, Assad married Asma Assad, born Akhras. Assad was reconfirmed by the national electorate as President of Syria in 2000 and 2007, after the People's Council of Syria had voted to propose the incumbent uncontested each time. The form of government Assad presides over has been designated as an authoritarian regime by political scientists. The Assad regime has described itself as secular, while experts have contended that the regime exploits ethnic and sectarian tensions in the country to remain in power. The regime's sectarian base relying upon the Alawite minority has been noted. Once seen by the domestic and international community as a potential reformer, Assad disappointed those expectations definitively when he ordered mass crackdowns and military sieges on Arab Spring protesters, leading to the Syrian Civil War. The Syrian opposition, the United States, Canada, the European Union and the majority of the Arab League have called for al-Assad's resignation from the presidency. During the Syrian Civil War, an inquiry by the United Nations human rights chief found evidence to implicate Assad in war crimes and crimes against humanity. Assad was included in a list of 20 sample war crimes indictments of government officials and rebels handed to the International Criminal Court, by David Crane, an American professor at Syracuse University College of Law in New York. In November 2014, the prosecutor of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon announced that evidence would be brought against Assad. In late April 2014, Assad announced he would run for a third term in Syria's first multi-candidate direct presidential election in decades, amid serious concerns by the European Union, the United States and other countries regarding the legitimacy of this vote and the effect it would have on peace talks with the Syrian Opposition. He was sworn in for his third seven-year term, on July 16, 2014, in the presidential palace in Damascus. == Early life == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bashar al-Assad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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